URINARY TRACT INFECTION; COMMON BACTERIAL PATHOGENS AND THEIR ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN MANSHERA REGION PAKISTAN

Abstract

Bacterial UTIs are more prevalent in underdeveloped nations. Approximately 150 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with UTIs. UTIs are more common infections in people. The current study aimed to present fresh data about the role of bacteria in urinary tract infections. As a result, the current study was conducted in the Mansehra region on patients who visited the District Head-Quarter Hospital in Mansehra. From the suspected individuals in the Mansehra area, 150 samples were gathered. Samples were collected in a screw-capped, free of contaminants container. There are 49 instances in the 21–40 age group, 29 in the 41–60 age group, and 16 in the 61–80 age group. According to the results, Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent organism. Different kinds of bacteria were found in both females. Compared to other species, E. coli is more prevalent among gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative organisms were primarily found in females. Table 4.15 shows the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility for the Gram-negative isolates. Cefataxime, Cefador, Cefixime, Ciprofloxacin, Amikacin, and Sulbactum were all 100% effective against Klebsiella, whereas Gentamycin and Imepenem were 100% effective against them. There was 100% resistance to Gentamycin and 100% susceptibility to Cefotaxime and Doxyfloxacin in Pseudomonas species. High resistance to Doxyfloxacin (79.48%) and high susceptibility to Novobiocin (82.05%) were observed in E. coli. High resistance to Sulbactum and Levofloxacin (83.33%) and high susceptibility to Amikacin (91.66%) were observed in Proteus species. High resistance to gentamicin (90.62%) and high sensitivity to cefixime (84.37) were demonstrated by Staphylococcus aureus. High ciprofloxacin resistance (83.33%) and high doxyfloxacin susceptibility (100%) were demonstrated by  Staphylococcus saprophyticus. High resistance to gentamicin (100%), and high sensitivity to cefotaxime, cefador, cefixime, ciprofloxacin, and imepenem (100%) were  demonstrated by Staphylococcus epidermidis. High (100%) sensitivity to Amoxacillin, Cefotaxime, Cefador, Levofloxacin, Gentamicin, Doxyfloxacin, Sulbactum, and Novobiocin was demonstrated by Enterococcus species, whereas 50% resistance to Cefixime, Ciprofloxacin, Amikacin, and Imepenem was observed. According to the current study, females had a higher prevalence of urinary tract infections than males. The frequency of UTIs is higher in men over 60 than in women, but it was higher in those between 20 and 40. According to this data, the frequency of UTIs in females is highest between the ages of 21 and 40, and Cefotaxime was the most effective medication used to treat all isolated uropathogens.