COMPARATIVE IMMUNE MICROENVIRONMENT PROFILING IN HBV-, HCV-, AND DUAL-INFECTED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: TOWARD ETIOLOGY-SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC TARGETS

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the major cause of global cancer-related mortality. One of the most important risk factors for HCC, is a chronic infection with HBV or HCV. Despite similarities in clinical endpoints, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying HBV- and HCV-related HCC are distinct, with implications for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.