PREVALENCE OF UROPATHOGENS AND ITS ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS ISOLATED FROM HEALTH SETUPS IN DISTRICT LOWER DIR

Abstract

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are prevalent and pose a significant health burden globally, affecting individuals of all ages. Females are particularly vulnerable due to anatomical factors, with UTIs occurring more frequently in women compared to men. Various risk factors contribute to UTI susceptibility, including poor personal hygiene, catheterization, and certain medical conditions. The rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens complicates treatment decisions, highlighting the importance of collaborative efforts between clinicians and microbiologists in diagnosis and management. A recent study conducted in Dir Lower analyzed 200 urine samples from individuals with UTI symptoms, revealing a higher prevalence among females. UTI occurrence varied across age groups, with higher rates observed among younger and middle-aged individuals. Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Escherichia. Coli (44.04%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (36.78%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.36), species were the predominant uropathogens, with varying susceptibility to common antibiotics. High resistance against ciprofloxacin and ampicillin was noted, emphasizing the urgent need for antimicrobial stewardship to address multi-drug resistance and preserve antibiotic efficacy.