ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES REGARDING ANTIBIOTIC USE AND RESISTANCE AMONG URBAN ADULTS

Abstract

Introduction: Misuse of antibiotics is a key contributor to the global rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in urban populations with easy access to pharmacies and over-the-counter medications. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antibiotic use and resistance among adults in an urban setting. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Edward Medical University, Lahore from 20 March 2024 to 20 October 2024, involving 320 adult residents selected through stratified random sampling. A structured, pre-validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge of antibiotic function and resistance, attitudes toward prescription practices, and self-reported behaviors related to antibiotic use. Results: Among 320 urban adults surveyed, 68.1% correctly identified that antibiotics are ineffective against viruses, yet 44.7% reported using antibiotics without a prescription in the past year. Only 53.4% recognized antibiotic resistance as a global health issue. While 72.5% preferred doctor consultation, 39.4% admitted to stopping antibiotics when symptoms subsided. Participants with higher education and knowledge scores were significantly more likely to complete full antibiotic courses (p < 0.001) and less likely to self-medicate. Conclusion: Despite moderate awareness of antibiotic resistance, unsafe practices such as self-medication and premature discontinuation remain prevalent among urban adults. Targeted education campaigns and stricter regulation of antibiotic dispensing are essential to mitigate misuse and slow the progression of resistance.