Abstract
Background:
Urolithiasis is a common urological disorder with variable composition influenced by geographic and dietary factors. Identifying stone composition aids in prevention and management.
Objective:
To determine urinary calculi composition patterns and their association with demographic variables among patients at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 newly diagnosed cases of urinary calculi confirmed by spectrophotometric analysis. Patients with recurrent stones or metabolic disorders were excluded. Associations between stone type and demographic factors were assessed using the chi-square test (p< 0.05).
Results:
The mean age was 36.8 ± 11.2 years, with 59.6% males (ratio 1.5:1). Most were rural residents (60%) from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (50%). Pure stones occurred in 71.2%, and calcium oxalate was the predominant type (83%), followed by calcium phosphate (8.7%), struvite (4.8%), and uric acid (2.9%). No significant associations were found between stone composition and age, gender, residence, or socioeconomic status (p> 0.05).
Conclusion:
Calcium oxalate is the predominant urinary stone component, mainly affecting young adult males. Preventive measures focusing on hydration and dietary modification are essential.